Intel Nehalem


Posted by flung in Intel and Intel Core i7 and Intel Nehalem03 Nov 2008 09:54 am

Intel Core i7

It’s not everyday that we get to witness the launch of a new microprocessor architecture. However, today is the start of the “tock” portion of Intel’s tick-tock CPU initiative which means, that Intel’s latest microprocessor architecture code-named Nehalem is finally upon us. OK.. well sort of you won’t actually be able to purchase these processors until the end of the month or so but all the official news reviews are now out and folks – this CPU is a screamer. Officially known as the Intel Core i7, some of the basics on the new architecture are as follows:

  • core-i7-logo Built on a 45nm process
  • Scales up to 8 processors
  • Native quad core processor – four cores on a single die
  • Integrated memory controller for the first time
  • Hyper-threading enabled
  • Three-tier cache system with a large 8MB L3 cache shared by all cores
  • Triple channel memory
  • New point to point system bus (bye bye front side bus)
  • New SSE 4.2 instructions
  • New power management features

It’s clear from the get go that the Core i7 architecture is built with servers in mind – which doesn’t necessarily mean it’s bad for desktops or mobile systems. It just means the processors are more efficient than ever before and this is all good news to us.

So let’s start the review parade shall we?

Anandtech starts things off by saying:

Intel has two thirds of the perfect trifecta here. Nehalem brings the ability to work on more threads at a time, redefining video encoding and 3D rendering performance, its SSDs shook the storage world, that just leaves Larrabee…

Next up, we have the TechReport:

The Core i7-965 Extreme is, by far, the fastest processor we’ve ever tested, and it seems clear the Core i7 architecture brings with it a general performance increase over the 45nm Core 2 processors it succeeds.

Tom’s Hardware says the following:

On the whole, the new processors are more efficient, although the system does draw more power at the platform level than the previous generation.

Bjorn3D mentions:

Enthusiasts will be putting out some serious coinage for the Core I7 965 Extreme ($999 To Vendor Price), but unless they want to be left with second best and chasing the heels of speed demons running the Core I7 965, they have no choice. It is the fastest Quad CPU on the Planet!

Over at hardCOREware.net:

So while we’re not quite witnessing the best Nehalem has to offer on the desktop, it’s more than enough to not only win the performance crown, but tip it forward in a cocky manner. At the very least, Core i7 is faster than similarly priced (some prices are estimates) Penryn systems. At best, it just smokes everything in its path.

The oh so hot HotHardware folks say:

Ultimately, we can’t help but be impressed by the new Core i7 processors. The performance, power profile, and overclockability are all very good even at this early stage.  Intel clearly has another strong product in their line-up that will undoubtedly appeal to PC enthusiasts and multimedia professionals alike.

And Hexus.net says:

The biggest improvements, we suppose, are how Intel has changed the way the processor interfaces with the system. There are gobs of bandwidth on tap and the QPI remedies many other bandwidth concerns.

here’s a legitimate review from LegitReviews (OK.. I was running out of puns here):

Intel has once again launched a great part that once again increases the performance gap between them and AMD.  With the Intel Core i7 pulling so far ahead of the AMD Phenom series of processors it almost makes you wonder if AMD will be able to ever catch up.

LostCircuits had the following:

In a nutshell, the Nehalem is a masterpiece and it will be extremely difficult for any other CPU regardless of which brand to measure up to it.

OverclockersClub:

Offering massive performance increases for people who need their computers to “work” and not play, the Nehalem is just what the doctor ordered. Gaining time and productivity are the aim of a processor of this caliber. Making it a little greener always helps as well. Getting the work done faster for less energy consumed is where the future is headed. Welcome to the future.

PC Perspective gives us their perspective:

Overall, the Intel Core i7 processor launch is a huge success.  I can remember vividly questioning Intel’s ability to nail its first attempt at a CPU with an integrated memory controller, a QPI interface and dramatic power efficiency improvements.  Intel executed on its roadmap to near perfection and the Core i7 is everything they promised it would be.

Here’s a trusted review from TrustedReviews (argh.. I know.. I hate myself for typing that):

It may not be as revolutionary a release for Intel as Core 2 Duo was, but Core i7 is still a big deal. Nehalem is faster clock for clock than Penryn, uses less power and makes much more efficient use of the power it does draw.

No tea breaks at Tbreak.com:

When we look at everyday usage applications, the new Core i7 965 EE from Intel is reasonably fast. Sure, there are a couple of benchmarks where the identically clocked 3.2Ghz Core 2 Extreme 9850 is a bit faster such as Firefox 2 or iTunes Audio encoding but then we have Photoshop and WinRAR where the Core i7 965 EE gives you bragging rights. With regards to gaming, three out of the five games we tested ran pretty much the same on the Core 2 9850 and the Core i7 965 EE while the other two showed considerable improvements.

Tweaking folks will want to hear the thoughts from TweakTown:

Overall, the Core i7 is definitely a CPU you will want to own, but it comes at a cost. A new board, new CPU and if you’re a DDR2 fanboy, those sticks now have to be binned in favor of DDR3 modules as well. Pricing will no doubt be quite steep for a while, so if you’re wanting some i7 action right now, be prepared to reach deep into those pockets.

Finally we cap things off with ExtremeTech:

The bottom line is that Intel has shipped a winning combination in a new chipset and CPU platform. It’s early in the lifecycle for Core i7, so we’ll be looking forward to what comes next. Meanwhile, you won’t go wrong with a Core i7 system, if you’ve got the budget and application mix to take advantage of it.

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Posted by flung in Intel and Intel Atom and Intel Nehalem20 Aug 2008 12:00 pm

intel idf

Yes it’s that time of the year again - IDF time that is. Not familiar with the term? IDF stands for Intel Developer Forum and this is when developers (and apparently press) come together to hear what’s coming down the road from Intel. It’s a good deal of marketing hype combined with some low level developer sessions. It’s funny how IDF has changed over the years. I remember my first IDF conference way back in 1997 when Intel was still a small 80,000 person company (Ha..). Back before blogs, before Twitter.. the only people who really cared about IDF were in fact the developers - both hardware and software. Yes, there was a good deal of marketing mumbo jumbo too but heck.. it was still a great way to meet other engineers in the field (and yes.. it was a great time to get away from work and party it up with fellow Intel engineers. Yes.. Geeks Partying away!). Ok.. enough of my walk down memory lane.. here’s some of the big juicy tidbits from IDF.

First off, on the processor side of things, Intel will be releasing several new processors during the last four months of this year. Thanks to this News.com posting, I’ll try and highlight some of the major details.

On the nettop/netbook front, Intel plans on releasing a dual Core Atom processor targeting the nettop market. This new Atom processor will have a slightly higher thermal envelope than current generation Atom processors (which are single core yet have hyper-threading).

On the server front, Intel will be releasing a new six core Penryn based processor code-named Dunnington. Not much else on this one..

The majority of the details were focused of course on Nehalem which Intel will begin releasing during the fourth quarter of this year. The company released additional information regarding Nehalem including:

  • Nehalem comes with a “Turbo mode” which is a power management feature that allows unused idle processing cores to be powered down for power conservation. More on Turbo mode below (and why it’s called Turbo mode). This will be available in both Nehalem-based notebooks/laptops and servers.
  • Turbo Mode is based possible thanks to an integrated microcontroller which handles the core power management
  • Nehalem-EX is an 8 core Nehalem chip (which was showed off at IDF)
  • Nehalem-EP (Efficient Performance) is a quad-core chip for servers and workstations
  • Intel Core i7 is for the desktop market (I never did talk about the i7 naming announcement.. but I’m sure all of you know this already). As is standard for current Core processors, there will be desktop ones as well as Extreme processors for those who need that extra umph for the desktop.

Intel also announced that they are planning to integrate graphics directly into the main processor chip. Future processors without integrated on-die graphics will include Lynnfield and Clarksfield while Havendale and Auburndale will have integrated on-die graphics.

Nehalem modular

ExtremeTech has an excellent article detailing low level architectural details of Nehalem that were announced by Intel at IDF. Here are the major highlights:

  • Think of Nehalem as two pieces - the “core” and the “uncore”. The core contains all the computational units as well as the caches (L1 and L2). The uncore contains all the communication interconnects - things like the integrated memory controlls, the QuickPath links, L3 cache etc.
  • Turbo mode as mentioned above is part of Nehalem’s ability to be “dynamically scalable” - basically deliver the performance when it’s needed and power down cores when it’s not needed. Note also that Turbo Mode also means that when cores are powered down, more power can be given to the cores that are available which means cores can actually scale up in clock frequency (hence the Turbo mode)
  • Nehalem will have three caches (L1 to L3). Each core will have an L1 and L2 cache. L1 is a split cache - 32KB for instruction and 32KB for data. L2 is a 256KB unified cache. L3 cache is shared and much much larger (8MB on desktop Core i7 versions)
  • Of course, we all know there’s an integrated memory controller too. The controller will operate synchronously with the CPU now
  • Nehalem comes with a high speed point-to-point interconnect called QuickPath which connects CPUs to each other, CPUs to memory, and CPUs to I/O hubs (the southbridge).
  • Finally, don’t forget that Hyper-threading is rearing it’s head again in Nehalem. A quad core Nehalem can actually have 8 threaded performance with Hyper-threading (2 threads per core).

As you can see, things are certainly getting exciting when it comes to Intel processors. There’s a lot coming down the pipe and it’s actually getting me pumped up about building a new computer again. It’s ironic considering I decided to opt for pre-built computers last year. I’m still envisioning an 8 core Nehalem system running Media Center at home. Yum.

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